近(jin)幾十年來(lai)(lai)，廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)回(hui)收(shou)廢(fei)(fei)雜料的回(hui)收(shou)量(liang)飛速增(zeng)長，廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)回(hui)收(shou)二次資源在整(zheng)個廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)回(hui)收(shou)工業(ye)原料中的比重也越來(lai)(lai)越大(da)。
　　從1950年(nian)(nian)開始(shi)直到(dao)今天，再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)逐年(nian)(nian)遞增(zeng),發達國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)原(yuan)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)與再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)占有比(bi)已接近或超出1:1。一些發達國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)如(ru)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)均增(zeng)長率(lv)為(wei)(wei)6.2%，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高于(yu)同(tong)期(qi)原(yuan)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)0.1%的(de)(de)增(zeng)長。2000年(nian)(nian)度，全世界生(sheng)產(chan)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)及合金816萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)噸，占原(yuan)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)33％。其中(zhong)(zhong)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)93％，法(fa)國(guo)(guo)(guo)59％，德國(guo)(guo)(guo)89％，日本(ben)的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)更是(shi)原(yuan)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)186倍。美國(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)利用數(shu)目(mu)最大(da)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)。二(er)十年(nian)(nian)來，其再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)在廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)總產(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)比(bi)例已由(you)1978年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)22.65%上升到(dao)1997年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)超過50%。而(er)(er)且，再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)增(zeng)長速度也逐年(nian)(nian)上升。1978年(nian)(nian)至1987年(nian)(nian)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)/總產(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)比(bi)例上升了11.6個百(bai)分(fen)比(bi)，而(er)(er)1988-1997十年(nian)(nian)左右的(de)(de)時間(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)，上升了16個百(bai)分(fen)點以上。這說(shuo)明了廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)資源(yuan)利用發展(zhan)越(yue)來越(yue)受(shou)到(dao)重(zhong)視(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)工業(ye)正處于(yu)快速發展(zhan)階段,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)目(mu)前為(wei)(wei)32%,但不(bu)久將快速提升至70%。政府、企業(ye)、公眾對于(yu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)業(ye)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要性認識(shi)都大(da)大(da)提高.中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)2001年(nian)(nian)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)總計918,000。1998年(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)536,000。2001年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)原(yuan)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)343萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan),1998年(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)242萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)。同(tong)期(qi)的(de)(de)消費分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)365萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)和242萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)潛力(li)巨(ju)大(da)。工業(ye)發達國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)，由(you)于(yu)發展(zhan)較(jiao)快，壽命的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)材越(yue)來越(yue)多，回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)工作引起(qi)重(zhong)視(shi)較(jiao)少勢在必然(ran)。各種用途的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)材也就成了廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)來源(yuan)。
　　前(qian)面(mian)(mian)介紹(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)及(ji)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)合金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途中包含了廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)最大(da)(da)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)大(da)(da)致是(shi)汽(qi)車(che)交(jiao)通、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)飲(yin)料(liao)罐、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)建筑廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)材和電器廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)材（廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)電線、導(dao)電排(pai)等）。一些小廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)制(zhi)品(pin)為(wei)家用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電器、體育用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)等級(ji)雜(za)品(pin)隨著再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率也(ye)不斷提(ti)高。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)合金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)已深入(ru)(ru)工(gong)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個領(ling)(ling)域。而其因性能不同成分極不相同，這對(dui)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)帶來(lai)(lai)極大(da)(da)困(kun)難。為(wei)了用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，保證再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)使(shi)(shi)其再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于各(ge)需要領(ling)(ling)域，對(dui)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分類(lei)將(jiang)是(shi)極端重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)。必須嚴格區分廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，zdzgm928包括品(pin)種(zhong)、牌號、制(zhi)品(pin)性質(zhi)等。混雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)如果不加以分類(lei)清理、篩選而盲目(mu)重(zhong)(zhong)熔，則不僅使(shi)(shi)產(chan)品(pin)只(zhi)能降級(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，甚至可(ke)能因無法(fa)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)而變成垃圾。為(wei)此，各(ge)先進工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)國(guo)(guo)家都制(zhi)訂了相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)標(biao)(biao)準或專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)準。我國(guo)(guo)目(mu)前(qian)還(huan)沒有廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)方面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準,但隨著我國(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化速度的(de)(de)(de)(de)加快，廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)雜(za)有色廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、貿(mao)易以及(ji)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所面(mian)(mian)臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)經濟環(huan)境已發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)變化，不僅廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)雜(za)有色廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)構成變化較(jiao)大(da)(da)，而且(qie)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)外廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)雜(za)有色廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)以及(ji)各(ge)類(lei)可(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)涌入(ru)(ru)國(guo)(guo)門，給我國(guo)(guo)有色廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)提(ti)供了豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)，同時(shi)也(ye)對(dui)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有色廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)加工(gong)提(ti)出(chu)了新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。
　　因此，我國也在加(jia)緊廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的制定(ding)工(gong)作。中(zhong)國有(you)色(se)(se)廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)工(gong)業協(xie)會再生廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)分(fen)會牽頭組織的《廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)及(ji)廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)合金廢(fei)(fei)料(liao)廢(fei)(fei)件(jian)分(fen)類和技(ji)術條件(jian)》已(yi)經列入國家技(ji)術標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)修訂(ding)計劃中(zhong)。新的分(fen)類標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)將(jiang)參照美國廢(fei)(fei)雜有(you)色(se)(se)廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)的分(fen)類標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)和歐洲的分(fen)類技(ji)術標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，結合我國再生有(you)色(se)(se)廢(fei)(fei)銅(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)行業的實(shi)際(ji)情(qing)況進(jin)行修訂(ding)，使之更加(jia)有(you)利(li)于(yu)企(qi)業和管(guan)理部門的貫徹(che)實(shi)施。